Typically a fire alarm system is made up of the following components.
Fire alarm system in electrical room.
In addition these other systems may or may not be mandatory depending the occupancy classification and there are also requirements that vary by occupancy.
This article deals exclusively with requirements for fire alarm systems but consider there are only among many fire protection systems for buildings.
24 4 2 8 5 4 where the separation of in building fire emergency voice alarm control equipment locations results in the portions of the system controlled by one location being dependent upon the control equipment in other locations the circuits between the dependent controls shall be protected against attack by fire by the protection provided.
You can also install nonplenum rated fire alarm cables above a suspended ceiling or below a raised floor used for environmental air but only if you install the cable within electrical metallic tubing or one of the other raceways identified in 300 22 c 1.
The electrical equipment inside these cabinets are the main source for fires and a fire will need to be quite developed before enough heat and smoke escape the enclosure to alarm detection.
These can be photoelectric smoke and heat detectors ionization smoke detectors heat detectors in duct smoke detectors manually operated pull stations and sprinkler waterflow sensors.